Which type of autonomic nervous system is responsible for "rest and repair" functions?

The autonomic nervous system is subdivided into two main branches: the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The parasympathetic nervous system is specifically responsible for the "rest and repair" functions of the body. This means it promotes a state of relaxation and homeostasis after stress or activity. It works to conserve energy, facilitate digestion, and stimulate salivation, among other restorative processes.

During activation of the parasympathetic system, heart rate decreases, and blood pressure may lower. Additionally, blood flow is redirected towards the digestive system to enhance metabolic functions, allowing for recovery and maintenance of bodily functions. Overall, the parasympathetic system is essential for helping the body recover and maintain long-term health following periods of stress or activity.

In contrast, the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for "fight or flight" responses, while the somatic nervous system primarily controls voluntary movements and the cerebellum is involved in coordination and balance, neither of which pertains to the "rest and repair" functions.