Which gland is responsible for producing growth hormones?

The pituitary gland is known as the "master gland" of the endocrine system because it regulates various body functions by releasing hormones that influence other glands. One of its primary roles is the production of growth hormone (GH), which is essential for normal physical growth in children and is also involved in glucose metabolism and body composition in adults. Growth hormone stimulates growth in all tissues of the body, particularly in muscle and bone. This makes the pituitary gland crucial for proper growth and development, aligning well with the function of growth hormone.

The thyroid gland primarily regulates metabolism through hormones such as thyroxine, the pineal gland is involved in regulating sleep patterns through the secretion of melatonin, and the adrenal gland produces hormones related to stress responses, such as cortisol and adrenaline. While these glands have important functions, they do not produce growth hormones. Thus, the pituitary gland is indeed the correct answer regarding the production of growth hormones.