What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

Dendrites are specialized structures found on neurons that play a crucial role in the communication within the nervous system. Their primary function is to collect signals from other neurons or cells and transmit these signals to the cell body of the neuron. This collection of signals enables the neuron to process incoming information and determine whether to send an action potential down the axon to communicate with other neurons.

Dendrites are equipped with numerous receptors that can recognize neurotransmitters released from adjacent neurons, which allows them to receive a multitude of signals. This capability is essential for integrating synaptic inputs, as neurons often receive both excitatory and inhibitory signals that must be weighed to generate an appropriate response.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of dendrites. For instance, sending signals to the next cell refers instead to the role of the axon, which transmits action potentials away from the neuron. Controlling hormone release is a function associated with endocrine cells rather than neurons. Regenerating damaged nerves typically involves processes related to glial cells and other supporting structures, not the primary function of dendrites.